1. Nooca gabowga ee walxaha polymer
Qalabka polymer-ka ee habka wax-soo-saarka, kaydinta iyo isticmaalka, sababtoo ah ficilka dhamaystiran ee arrimaha gudaha iyo dibaddaba, hantideeda ayaa si tartiib tartiib ah u sii xumaanaysa, sidaas darteed khasaaraha ugu dambeeya ee isticmaalka qiimaha, dhacdadani waxay iska leedahay gabowga alaabta polymer.
Tani ma aha oo kaliya in ay keento khasaare hanti, laakiin xataa waxay keenaysaa shilal waaweyn oo ay ugu wacan tahay guuldarradeeda hawleed, burburka walxaha ay sababto gabowga ayaa sidoo kale laga yaabaa inay wasakheeyaan deegaanka.
Sababo la xiriira noocyo kala duwan oo polymer ah iyo xaaladaha kala duwan ee isticmaalka, waxaa jira ifafaale iyo astaamo gabowga oo kala duwan.Guud ahaan, gabowga walxaha polymerka waxaa loo kala saari karaa afarta nooc ee soo socda:
Isbeddelka muuqaalka
Waxaa jira wasakhyo, dildilaacyo, xariijimo qalin ah, dildilaacyo, dhaxan, budo, timo, gariir, kalluun, laalaab, yarayn, gubasho, qallooc indhaha iyo isbeddelka midabka indhaha.
Isbeddellada ku yimaadda sifooyinka jidheed
Oo ay ku jiraan milanka, bararka, sifooyinka rheological iyo caabbinta qabow, caabbinta kulaylka, qulqulka biyaha, qulqulka hawada iyo sifooyinka kale ee isbeddelka.
Isbeddelka guryaha farsamada
Xoog xajin, xoog foorarsi, xoogga dhogorta, xoogga saamaynta, dhererka qaraabo, nasashada stress, iwm.
Isbeddellada guryaha korontada
Sida iska caabbinta dusha sare, caabbinta mugga, dielectric joogto ah, xoogga burburka korantada ayaa isbeddela.
2. Sababaha keena gabowga walxaha polymerka
Sababtoo ah farsamaynta polymer, habka isticmaalka, waxay saameyn doontaa kulaylka, ogsijiinta, biyaha, iftiinka, noolaha iyo deegaanka sida isku darka dhexdhexaadka ah ee kiimikada ee ka kooban kiimikada iyo qaab-dhismeedkeeda waxay soo saari kartaa isbeddello taxane ah, hanti jireed oo xun, sida Sida timuhu u adag yihiin, jajaban yihiin, dhegdheg yihiin, midab beddelan yihiin, awood beelaan iyo wixii la mid ah, isbeddelladan iyo ifafaalahan waxaa loo yaqaan gabowga.
Polymer High ee hoos yimaada ficilka kulaylka ama iftiinka ayaa samayn doona molecules farxad leh, marka tamartu ku filan tahay, silsiladda molecular ayaa jebin doonta si ay u sameeyaan xagjirnimo xor ah, xagjirnimada xorta ah waxay samayn karaan fal-celin silsilad gudaha polymer, waxay sii wadaan inay keenaan hoos u dhac, sidoo kale waxay sababi karaan isku xirid.
Haddii ogsijiinta ama ozone ay ku jirto deegaanka, falcelino oksaydhyo taxane ah ayaa loo kicin karaa si ay u sameeyaan hydroperoxides (ROOH), kaas oo sii sii xumaan kara kooxo kaarboonyl ah.
Haddii ay jiraan ayoonooyinka biraha hadhaaga ah ee polymer-ka, ama ion birta sida naxaasta, birta, manganese iyo kobalt ayaa la gelinayaa polymer-ka inta lagu jiro habaynta iyo isticmaalka, falcelinta oksijiinta xaalufka polymerka waa la dedejin doonaa.
3. Hababka anti-gabowga ee alaabta polymer
Waqtigan xaadirka ah, hababka ugu muhiimsan ee lagu wanaajiyo loona wanaajiyo sifooyinka gabowga ee alaabta polymer waa sida soo socota:
Gabowga walxaha polymer, gaar ahaan gabowga photooxygen, marka hore wuxuu ka bilaabmaa dusha sare ee alaabta ama alaabta, oo u muuqda midab, budo, dildilaac, hoos u dhac dhalaalaya, ka dibna si tartiib tartiib ah gudaha gudaha.
Badeecadaha khafiifka ah waxay u badan tahay inay ku fashilmaan ka hor alaabooyinka qaro weyn, sidaas darteed nolosha adeegga alaabada waxaa lagu kordhin karaa alaabada dhumucda.
Si ay u sahlanaato alaabta gabowga, waxaa lagu dahaadhay karaa dusha sare ama lagu dahaadhay lakabka cimiladu u adkeysiga wanaagsan, ama lakabka sare ee lakabka isku dhafan ee alaabta wanaagsan ee caabbinta cimilada, si dusha sare ee alaabta lagu dhejiyo lakabka. lakabka ilaalinta, si loo daahiyo habka gabowga.
Habka isku-dhafka ama diyaarinta, qalab badan ayaa sidoo kale leh dhibaatada gabowga.Tusaale ahaan, saamaynta kulaylka ee habka polymerization, gabowga oxygen kulaylka ee habka processing iyo wixii la mid ah.Sidaas awgeed, saamaynta ogsijiinta waxaa lagu yarayn karaa iyadoo lagu darayo aaladaha deoxygenation ama aaladaha vacuuming ee polymerization ama habka farsamaynta.
Si kastaba ha noqotee, habkani wuxuu dammaanad qaadi karaa oo kaliya waxqabadka maaddada warshadda, habkan waxaa laga hirgelin karaa oo keliya isha diyaarinta walxaha, iyada oo aan awoodin in ay xalliso dhibaatada gabowga ee habka dib-u-habeynta iyo isticmaalka.
Waxaa jira kooxo aad u fudud in ay da'doodu ku jirto qaabdhismeedka molecular ee qalabyo badan oo polymer ah, sidaas darteed iyada oo loo marayo qaabka qaabdhismeedka molecular ee alaabta, bedelida kooxaha aan sahlanayn in ay da 'ahaanaan kooxo fudud oo da 'yar ayaa inta badan ciyaari kara saameyn wanaagsan.
Ama soo bandhigida kooxo shaqeynaya ama qaabab leh saameyn liddi ku ah gabowga ee silsiladda molecular polymer by grafting ama habka copolymerization, siinta walxaha lafteeda shaqo aad u fiican oo gabowga ah, sidoo kale waa hab inta badan loo isticmaalo cilmi-baarayaasha, laakiin kharashka ayaa sarreeya. mana gaari karto wax-soo-saar baaxad leh iyo adeegsi.
Waqtigan xaadirka ah, habka wax ku oolka ah iyo habka caadiga ah ee lagu hagaajinayo caabbinta gabowga ee alaabta polymer waa in lagu daro daroogooyinka ka hortagga gabowga, taas oo si weyn loo isticmaalo sababtoo ah qiimaha hooseeya oo aan loo baahnayn in la beddelo habka wax soo saarka ee jira.Waxaa jira laba siyaabood oo waaweyn oo lagu daro kuwan lagu daro ka hortagga gabowga:
Ku darida tooska ah ee daroogooyinka: daroogooyinka ka hortagga gabowga (budada ama dareeraha) iyo resin iyo alaabta kale ee cayriin ayaa si toos ah isku dhafan oo walaaqaya ka dib markii granulation extrusion ama duritaanka duritaanka, iwm. warshado qaabaynta irbado.
Habka isku darka Masterbatch-ka-hortagga: Warshadaha leh shuruudaha sare ee tayada badeecada iyo xasilloonida tayada, waxay aad u badan tahay in lagu daro Masterbatch-ka-hortagga gabowga ee wax soo saarka.
Masterbatch Anti-gabowga waa xabagta ku habboon sida side, qaso noocyo kala duwan oo wax ku ool ah anti-gabowga wax ku ool ah, ka dibna iyada oo loo marayo granulation mataanaha-fure extruder co-extrusion, faa'iidooyinka ay codsiga been in lagu daro anti-gabowga habka diyaarinta masterbatch ugu horeysay fuliso. kala firdhiyey, sidaas goor dambe ee geeddi-socodka wax soo saarka, wakiilka anti-gabowga heli kala firidhsan sare, Si loo gaaro ujeedada kala firidhsan labiska ee kaaliyeyaasha ee matrix wax polymer ah, ma aha oo kaliya si loo hubiyo tayada xasiloonida alaabta, laakiin sidoo kale si looga fogaado. wasakhowga siigada xilliga wax-soo-saarka, taasoo ka dhigaysa wax-soo-saarka mid cagaar iyo ilaalin deegaan ah.
Waqtiga boostada: Agoosto-17-2022